Spinal Stenosis

Spinal stenosis occurs when the spaces within the spine narrow, placing pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots. This commonly leads to symptoms such as back or leg pain, numbness, weakness, or difficulty standing and walking for extended periods.

Aqib Zehri, MD, is a fellowship-trained neurosurgeon in Portland, Oregon, specializing in complex and minimally invasive spine surgery. He evaluates and treats spinal stenosis using a comprehensive approach, including targeted decompression procedures and advanced minimally invasive or endoscopic techniques when appropriate.

What is spinal stenosis?

Spinal stenosis occurs when the spaces within the spine narrow, placing pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots. This narrowing most commonly develops gradually due to age-related degenerative changes.

Common causes include:

• Thickening of spinal ligaments

• Herniated or bulging discs

• Bone spurs (osteophytes)

• Degeneration of the joints between vertebrae

As the spinal canal narrows, nerves have less space to function normally, which can lead to pain and neurologic symptoms.

What are the symptoms of spinal stenosis?

Symptoms often develop gradually and may initially be mild. Over time, increasing nerve compression can lead to more noticeable functional limitations.

Common symptoms include:

• Back or neck pain that worsens with activity

• Pain, numbness, or tingling in the arms or legs

• Weakness or heaviness in the legs

• Difficulty standing or walking for extended periods

A key feature of lumbar spinal stenosis is neurogenic claudication, which may include:

• Leg pain or fatigue with walking

• Relief when sitting or leaning forward

• Needing to stop frequently when walking (for example, leaning on a shopping cart)

How is spinal stenosis diagnosed?

Diagnosis begins with a detailed history and physical examination, including neurologic assessment.

Imaging studies are used to confirm the diagnosis and assess severity:

• MRI to evaluate nerve compression and soft tissues

• CT scans to assess bony structures when needed

• X-rays to evaluate alignment and stability

These studies help determine the location and extent of narrowing and guide treatment planning.

How is spinal stenosis treated?

Treatment focuses on relieving nerve compression and improving function. The appropriate approach depends on symptom severity and overall spinal health.

Non-surgical treatment may include:

• Physical therapy to improve strength and mobility

• Medications to reduce inflammation and nerve irritation

• Activity modification

• Targeted injections for symptom relief

Surgical treatment may be considered when there is:

• Persistent symptoms despite conservative care

• Significant limitation in walking or daily activities

• Confirmed nerve compression on imaging

Surgical options are designed to relieve pressure on the nerves and may include decompression procedures performed using minimally invasive or endoscopic techniques when appropriate.

The goal is to improve walking tolerance, reduce nerve-related symptoms, and restore function.

Take the next step

If back or leg symptoms are limiting your ability to stand or walk comfortably, a comprehensive evaluation can help determine the most appropriate treatment.

Call the office or request an appointment online to get started.